Why Does My Cat Keep Having Diarrhea? [Causes & Remedy]

As a cat owner, few things can be as distressing as watching your feline companion struggle with digestive issues, especially when diarrhea becomes a frequent problem. While occasional bouts of diarrhea in cats may not be a cause for concern, if your cat keeps experiencing it, it could point to a deeper, underlying health issue. Diarrhea is not only uncomfortable for your cat but can also lead to dehydration and other serious complications if left unchecked. Understanding why your cat might be having diarrhea, how to recognize when it’s serious, and how to appropriately respond can make a significant difference in your pet’s health and well-being.

This article delves into the potential causes of chronic diarrhea in cats, when to worry, and how to take action as a responsible pet owner. From simple dietary mishaps to more complex medical conditions, we will explore the many possibilities and offer insights on how you can help your cat feel better again.

Why Does My Cat Keep Having Diarrhea?

Diarrhea in cats can occur for many reasons, ranging from something as benign as a change in diet to more serious conditions like infections, parasites, or chronic diseases. When diarrhea becomes a recurring issue, it can indicate an imbalance in your cat’s digestive system, an underlying medical condition, or an environmental stressor affecting their health. Understanding the underlying cause of diarrhea is crucial because it helps determine the right course of action to take.

The digestive system of cats is sensitive and any number of disturbances, whether from food, bacteria, viruses, or parasites, can cause issues. However, when diarrhea persists, it often signifies a deeper issue that requires veterinary attention. Chronic diarrhea in cats, defined as lasting more than a few days, can be a sign of gastrointestinal or systemic problems, and it’s important to pay close attention to other symptoms, such as lethargy, weight loss, vomiting, or changes in appetite.

Common Reasons

1. Dietary Changes And Food Sensitivities

   A sudden change in diet is one of the most common causes of diarrhea in cats. Cats have sensitive digestive systems, and introducing new food too quickly can upset their stomachs, leading to gastrointestinal issues like diarrhea. Additionally, some cats may develop food allergies or intolerances to specific ingredients, such as dairy, grains, or certain proteins, causing digestive distress.

2. Infections And Bacterial Imbalances

   Bacterial infections such as Salmonella or Campylobacter can lead to diarrhea. These infections are often caused by contaminated food or water and can be accompanied by symptoms like fever, vomiting, and lethargy. An overgrowth of harmful bacteria in the gut, known as dysbiosis, can also result in diarrhea. This imbalance in gut flora can arise after antibiotic treatment or due to stress, affecting the normal digestion process.

3. Parasites

   Internal parasites are a leading cause of chronic diarrhea in cats, particularly in kittens or outdoor cats. Common parasites that can lead to gastrointestinal upset include roundworms, tapeworms, hookworms, and giardia. These parasites can irritate the intestines and disrupt normal digestion, leading to diarrhea. Fecal testing by a veterinarian can confirm the presence of parasites.

4. Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)

   IBD is a chronic condition that affects a cat’s intestines and causes inflammation. This inflammation can interfere with nutrient absorption and lead to diarrhea, weight loss, vomiting, and a decrease in appetite. IBD is often seen in middle-aged or older cats and can be managed with medication and dietary changes.

5. Hyperthyroidism

   Hyperthyroidism, a condition often seen in older cats, is caused by an overactive thyroid gland. This condition speeds up the metabolism, leading to symptoms such as diarrhea, weight loss despite an increased appetite, and hyperactivity. Although hyperthyroidism is more commonly associated with other symptoms, diarrhea is one of the signs that may suggest the presence of this disease.

6. Stress And Anxiety

   Just like humans, cats can experience stress and anxiety, which can manifest as gastrointestinal disturbances, including diarrhea. Changes in their environment, such as a move to a new home, the introduction of new pets, or even changes in routine, can trigger stress-induced diarrhea. The diarrhea in these cases typically resolves once the stressor is removed or mitigated.

When To Be Concerned

While an occasional episode of diarrhea in a cat is generally not alarming, there are several red flags that indicate you should be more concerned. If your cat’s diarrhea persists for more than 24-48 hours, it is important to monitor for other symptoms and consider seeking veterinary attention. Here are some signs that warrant concern:

1. Diarrhea with Blood or Mucus: If you notice blood in the stool or mucus-covered stools, this could signal a more serious gastrointestinal problem, such as an infection, inflammatory bowel disease, or parasites.
2. Severe Lethargy or Weakness: If your cat is lethargic, refuses to eat or drink, or is not acting like their usual self, it may be a sign of a more severe underlying condition that requires immediate veterinary intervention.
3. Dehydration: Diarrhea can quickly lead to dehydration, which is particularly dangerous for cats. Signs of dehydration include dry gums, sunken eyes, and a decrease in skin elasticity. If you suspect your cat is dehydrated, it’s essential to seek veterinary care immediately.
4. Vomiting: If your cat is vomiting in addition to having diarrhea, this could indicate a serious illness such as pancreatitis, gastrointestinal infections, or poisoning.
5. Weight Loss: Weight loss coupled with diarrhea may suggest a chronic issue like inflammatory bowel disease, hyperthyroidism, or parasites.

How To Respond As A Cat Owner

As a cat owner, there are a few immediate steps you can take to help manage your cat’s diarrhea and ensure they remain as comfortable as possible.

1. Monitor Hydration: Dehydration is one of the most serious concerns associated with diarrhea. Ensure your cat has access to fresh water at all times. If your cat is not drinking, you can try offering them wet food, which contains extra moisture, or consider offering an electrolyte solution made specifically for pets.

2. Provide a Bland Diet: If the diarrhea is mild and your cat is otherwise acting normally, consider offering a bland diet such as boiled chicken and rice for 24 to 48 hours. Avoid feeding your cat their regular food or treats, as these can exacerbate the issue.

3. Fecal Sample: Collect a sample of your cat’s stool for examination by a veterinarian. This can help identify parasites or bacterial infections.

4. Keep Your Cat Comfortable: Ensure your cat has a quiet, stress-free environment to help them recover. Avoid making changes to their routine or environment during this time.

When To Consult A Veterinarian

If your cat’s diarrhea lasts more than a day or two, or if you notice any concerning symptoms such as blood in the stool, vomiting, or lethargy, it is crucial to consult your veterinarian. A veterinarian will perform a thorough examination, conduct diagnostic tests such as blood work or fecal analysis, and develop a treatment plan based on the underlying cause. Early intervention is key to ensuring your cat’s health and preventing more severe complications from developing.

Conclusion

While diarrhea in cats is often a temporary and manageable condition, recurring diarrhea should never be ignored. It’s a sign that something is amiss, whether it’s dietary, infectious, parasitic, or related to a chronic disease. As a cat owner, it’s essential to be vigilant, monitor your cat’s symptoms closely, and know when to seek professional help. With timely care and appropriate treatment, most cats can recover and return to their usual, playful selves. Taking the right steps to address diarrhea can improve your cat’s overall health, comfort, and quality of life.

FAQs

What Are Some Common Causes Of Diarrhea In Cats?

Common causes of diarrhea in cats include dietary changes, food intolerances, infections (bacterial, viral, or parasitic), stress, allergies, and underlying medical conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), hyperthyroidism, or gastrointestinal disorders.

Could My Cat’s Diarrhea Be Caused By A Food Allergy?

Yes, food allergies or intolerances can lead to diarrhea. If your cat’s gastrointestinal system reacts negatively to certain ingredients in their food, such as dairy, grains, or specific proteins, it may cause frequent diarrhea. A food trial with an elimination diet may help identify the trigger.

How Can Stress Contribute To Diarrhea In My Cat?

Stress is a common trigger for gastrointestinal issues in cats, leading to diarrhea. Changes in environment, a new pet, travel, or a disrupted routine can affect your cat’s digestive system, causing the diarrhea to appear suddenly or persistently.

Can Parasites Cause Diarrhea In My Cat?

Yes, parasites like roundworms, hookworms, giardia, or coccidia can cause diarrhea in cats. These parasites disrupt normal digestion, leading to watery stools, often accompanied by vomiting or lethargy.

Should I Be Concerned If My Cat Has Diarrhea For More Than A Day?

Yes, if your cat’s diarrhea lasts for more than 24-48 hours, it’s important to consult a veterinarian. Prolonged diarrhea can lead to dehydration, nutrient malabsorption, and can be indicative of more serious underlying health problems, such as infections or diseases.

How Can I Tell If My Cat Has Diarrhea From A Gastrointestinal Disease?

Signs of diarrhea caused by a gastrointestinal disease in cats may include chronic or intermittent diarrhea, vomiting, weight loss, lethargy, and reduced appetite. If your cat exhibits these symptoms alongside diarrhea, a veterinary examination and diagnostic tests are recommended.

What Are The Treatment Options For Diarrhea In Cats?

Treatment for diarrhea in cats depends on the underlying cause. It may include dietary changes, medications like probiotics, dewormers, or antibiotics if an infection is present, and sometimes more advanced treatments for conditions like IBD or pancreatitis. Your vet will determine the best course of action after diagnosing the issue.

Could My Cat’s Diarrhea Be Caused By An Infection?

Yes, bacterial, viral, or fungal infections can cause diarrhea in cats. Common culprits include salmonella, E. coli, feline distemper virus, and panleukopenia. Infections can cause acute or chronic diarrhea and may require treatment with antibiotics or other medications, depending on the specific pathogen.

What Should I Do If My Cat’s Diarrhea Is Accompanied By Blood Or Mucus?

Blood or mucus in your cat’s diarrhea is concerning and warrants immediate veterinary attention. This could indicate a more serious condition like an infection, gastrointestinal disease, or even a parasitic infestation. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent complications.

Can A Change In Diet Help Stop My Cat’s Diarrhea?

Yes, changing your cat’s diet can often help resolve diarrhea, especially if it’s caused by food intolerances or allergies. Your veterinarian may recommend a hypoallergenic or easily digestible food. However, if the cause is related to infection or a medical condition, diet alone may not be enough.